Password Attacks

• 66 Password Statistics That Will Change Your Online Habits (Panda)

Default Passwords

• RoutersPasswords – Routers
• Cirt – All

Hash Type

• hash-identifier
• Name-that-hash
• Hash Analyzer (online)

hashid – Already in Kali Linux

hashid 'd8e8fca2dc0f896fd7cb4cb0031ba249'

Hash Generator

• MD5
• Many types of hash

Extracting Hash

• Mimikatz – hashes in memory on Windows machine
• Dump memory on Linux machine

Wordlists

Usernames

Wordlist	Source	Description
names.txt	SecLists
top-usernames-shortlist.txt	SecLists
cirt-default-usernames.txt	SecLists
xato-net-10-million-usernames.txt	SecLists	LOWERCASE, APPLY RULES The Xato database is a collection of compromised passwords obtain through various data breaches and leaks.
xato-net-10-million-usernames-10000.txt	GitHub	Top 10000 of the xato-net-10-million-usernames.txt file. GitHub from Lisandre.com.
unix_users.txt	Metasploit	Kali Linux: /usr/share/metasploit-framework/data/wordlists/unix_users.txt

Passwords

• In Kali: /usr/share/wordlists
• In Kali: /usr/share/seclists – SecLists on Github

Wordlist	Source	Description
rockyou.txt.tar.gz	SecLists	Passwords from leaked database, 2010. Also included in Kali Linux: /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt.gz
best1050.txt	SecLists
xato-net-10-million-passwords-10000.txt	SecLists	LOWERCASE, APPLY RULES The Xato database is a collection of compromised passwords obtain through various data breaches and leaks. Top 10,000 most common passwords, represents 99.8% of all user passwords when ignoring case (Wired).
Top304Thousand-probable-v2.txt *	GitHub
richelieu-french-top20000.txt *	SecLists	Most common French passwords. It’s based on well known and public dataleaks in France (“.fr” email addresses).
quebec.txt	GitHub	Breaches of Quebec companies/institutions
lang-french-full.txt lang-french-small.txt	SecLists	French dictionary
lang-english.txt	SecLists	English dictionary
nerdlist.txt	GitHub	Common passwords for geeks or admin
Security-Question-Answers	SecLists	Many files like cities, dates, streets, zip codes, etc.
RockYou2021.txt *	GitHub	HUGE: 82 billion unique entries combination of all passwords (6-20 chars)
Crackstation	Crackstation
Weakpass *	Weakpass	Repository of wordlists
Wordlists	GitHub	Repository of wordlists (Lisandre.com)
Passwords *	SkullSecurity	Repository of wordlists

rockyou.txt

Passwords from leaked database, 2010.

wget https://github.com/danielmiessler/SecLists/raw/master/Passwords/Leaked-Databases/rockyou.txt.tar.gz

gunzip -dk rockyou.txt.tar.gz
tar xvf rockyou.txt.tar

Kali Linux

This wordlist comes with Kali Linux. Uncompress it.

cd /usr/share/wordlists/
sudo gunzip -dk rockyou.txt.gz

Some tools require an UTF-8 version of rockyou. Convert to UTF-8.

iconv -f ISO-8859-1 -t UTF-8 /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt > rockyou_utf8.txt

Fuzzing

• big-list-of-naughty-strings.txt (SecLists on GitHub)
• 0xquad (GitHub)

Generate wordlists

• Hashcat
• CeWL – Generate wordlist from a website
• Cupp – Common User Password Profile
• Crunch
• John the Ripper (JtR)
• Twofi – Generate wordlist from a Twitter account
• wlgen
• psudohash – Generate wordlist based on a word and common patterns

Generate a list based on a regular expression

sudo pip3 install exrex

exrex "(/v[12])?(/(api|swagger|openapi))?/(api-docs(\.json)?|swagger(-ui(-openapi)?)?\.html|openapi\.html)"

exrex "(A|a)lice(\d)?@(B|b)ob(\d)?"

Cracking Password – Online Attack

• Crowbar
• Ncrack
• Hydra 

Cracking Password – Offline Attack

• Crackstation – many hash types
• Hashes.com – MD5, SHA-1, Vbulletin, Invision Power Board, MyBB, Bcrypt, WordPress, SHA-256, SHA-512, MYSQL5 and more
• Reverse Hash Calculator – MD5, SHA1 (max 20/hour)
• Online Domain Tools – MD5, SHA1, SHA-256, LM, NTLM
• Crackpot from Offensive Security – NOW DOWN 🙁
• Hashcat 
• John the Ripper (JtR)
• FCrackzip – Crack password of PKZIP files
• PDFCrack

Password Spray Attack / Reverse Brute Force Attack

Try same common password against many accounts, bypass locking

• Spray

Pass-the-hash

See Pass-the-Hash.